Use butt welding (butt joint), or blind welding if this is not possible. Where problems have occurred, they are probably linked to one of the following causes:-. Electron beam welding joint design http. The addition of the oscillation feature enables a "remelting" of the pool, thus allowing the zinc to be brought to the surface and not remain entrapped in the weld. Electron beam technology had advanced for decades reaching its current highest level. Usage of the oscillation motors, in addition to those tied directly to beam location/tracking, enables two-axis oscillation at speeds of up to 1000Hz, providing a cleaning action for oxide layers, additional time for gas out of zinc particles, or post-weld annealing for fragile microstructures. This type of configuration can also lend itself to finish machined details though the additional material used to locate the joint is sometimes removed after welding. Only use non-magnetic materials, or materials that can be properly demagnetised.
Don't use bevelled edges and preferably use a whetstone for the careful removal of sharp slivers. The size of the vacuum chamber limits weld size for traditional EBW. Thanks to the high speed, the heat-affected zone (HAZ) is small and distortion is minimal. This is critical to get the same power density to ensure repeatable results. If welding through the top sheet (3 in Figure 2), the laser beam must penetrate through the top sheet and into the bottom sheet, and all that energy spent penetrating the top sheet doesn't add any weld strength. Titanium alloys are widely used in the aircraft industry for their high strength-to-weight ratio and their corrosion resistance. The client was seeking a way to minimize excess heat input, distortion, and variation in magnetic properties that result from conventional fusion welding. These features make it possible to focus the electron beam to diameters of 0. Electron beam welding machines are quite complicated, requiring skilled operators to achieve optimal results. The simple square groove butt joint for the solid round bar in Figure 9 can be adequate for many applications; however, misalignment can be a problem. It also allows for less material because no overlap is needed. Industry for Use: Nuclear Physics. Electron beam welding joint design and safety. Nevertheless, lap welding has many benefits. When fast moving electrons hit a metal surface they are decelerated which transforms the kinetic energy of each individual electron in the beam into thermal energy in the component.
A penetration weld is the commonly used trial weld technique to determine the welding parameters for a specific part thickness. Joining Technologies, Inc. 17 Connecticut South Drive. A typical working pressure would be 1E-4 torr (0. A tight slip fit to an interference fit is recommended for proper welding. Using this approach, it is necessary to maintain close to zero gap to ensure proper welding of the joint. Disadvantages of Electron Beam Welding. The Scansonic RLWA (Remote Laser Welding - Adaptive), which utilizes a 500mm standoff and offers real-time seam finding and tracking via its process controls located internal to the head, now has an option called "gap bridging. " It is beyond the scope of this paper to detail the weldability of various metals; therefore, the following examples will focus on certain production applications. Fit-up is critical, and fixturing is important to avoid misalignment and concentricity problems. This results in a narrow heat-affected zone and less fatigue debit to the component. Similarly, what joint configuration is best? There are materials where it is advantageous to use filler metals, e. avoiding weld cracking in 6000 series aluminum. Conventional laser welding is done under atmospheric conditions with the help of inert gas shielding or a combination of gases. Joint design for welding: the pros and cons of groove joints. The distance from the focus surface to the smallest point is called focal length.
All values of this unique deflection parameter, such as frequency, pattern direction and size in x- and y-direction, can be programmed. 010" will require larger than desired beam diameters and can risk "missed joint" type lack of fusion defects.
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