It is also customary of Ashkenazi Jewry to break a plate by the Tanaim/Vort. ] Fasting on the 17th of Tammuz stems from the voluntary consent of the people. Jewelry and makeup: Some Poskim write women are to diminish in makeup and jewelry during the nine days. It is also often called "the three weeks". Nitei Gavriel 15:1 writes that this law is missing from S"A and early poskim because there's a general prohibition of Listening to Music and so there was no question about the three weeks. Igrot Moshe 4:112(2) writes for great need one can be lenient to cut one's hair the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz. He should not be the Chazzan or get an Aliyah.
Other Poskim however rule that on Shabbos of the nine days, including Shabbos Chazon, one is to wear his regular Shabbos clothing [and so is the Sephardic custom]. Sitting on the ground: - On the night of Tisha B'av, and by day, one sits on the floor in Shul [and in all other places] until the time of Mincha. One who is not fasting should not say Aneinu. Rav Moshe Feinstein (quoted in Nitei Gavriel Bein Hametzarim pg. The potential brides would all go out with white clothing and tell the bachelors to choose for themselves a girl of good character and lineage and not look at matters of vanity, such as beauty. Undergarments, socks, and pajamas, which are worn directly on the body, may be changed. Some poskim permit buying any necessary appliance, such as a refrigerator, washing machine, or bed, to replace one that broke during the Three Weeks. If the Chazzan forgets to say Aneinu and remembered after saying rofeh cholei amo yisrael, he should not go back, but he should say it during shomea tefillah, and if he forgets then he can say it during Sim Shalom. Practically, the widespread custom today amongst all Jewry [Sephardim Chassidim, as well as almost all communities of Ashkenazi Jewry] is to wear all one's regular Shabbos clothing on Shabbos Chazon. Avinu Malkeinu is not recited. Cemetery: One is to visit a [Jewish] cemetery after the conclusion of Shacharis. However, based on Kabala, one is never to sit directly on the ground and is rather to have an interval between him and the floor. Additionally, it seems Sh"t Igrot Moshe 1:166 would agree as he even discusses a tzedaka banquet regarding music the rest of the year. Learning Torah: Children are also included within this learning prohibition and hence they are not to be taught Torah on Tisha B'av.
Igros Moshe E. H. 4:84. One should not sit on the ground as we do at the pre-fast meal on a regular year. The Chida in Sh"t Chaim Sha'al 1:24 writes that one may not make Shehecheyanu the night of Shiva Asar BeTamuz. Laws of the Nine Days. If one sees that it does not have a taste of wine it is permitted. The same applies for any part of the body that is dirty. One may likewise build for the sake of a Mitzvah, such as building or renovating a Shul. Must one sit on the ground or may he choose to stand? Included in the prohibition of drinking wine is drinking grape juice. Mincha: - Charity: Prior to Mincha one is to give Igara Ditaanisa to charity. Seudas Hamafsekes: When Shabbos falls on Erev Tisha B'av there are no Seudas Hamafsekes limitations relevant to the final meal before the fast. One who forgot to say Nachem should say it after Aneinu in Shema Koleinu. This is not the Chabad custom.
You are permitted to use wine for Havdallah on Saturday night. A child that is above the age of Chinuch may not eat meat or drink wine during the nine days. One should refrain from buying a car during the three weeks unless one is buying it primarily for business purposes. One dips the bread [and egg] in ash and states "This is the meal of Tisha B'av". See next chapter Halacha 13 regarding when Tisha B'av falls on Shabbos and was pushed off to Sunday. The Three Weeks (Starting from the 17th of Tammuz). The Chabad custom is not to sleep on the ground or sleep with a stone under the head (however one is to diminish in comfort, as stated next). If you must wear leather shoes for medical reasons, you should consult a rabbi.
Chapter 1-The 17th of Tamuz: - The 17th of Tamuz is a public fast day. Shabbos: It is permitted [and is a Mitzvah] to eat meat on Shabbos. If one is driving and is scared of falling asleep, he may listen to music. Halichot Shlomo pg 414 brings Rav Shlomo Zalman Auerbach who says that it's permissible for a person who is in danger of losing a lot of money or his job may shave during the three weeks.
Accordingly, one is to avoid eating new fruits throughout the three weeks. Smoking: If it is not difficult, one is to avoid smoking on Tisha B'av. Nevertheless, she is to only slightly wash between her thighs for this purpose. 34] Others hold that it is forbidden. List of customs that begin to apply from the 17th of Tamuz, as explained in this chapter: - No Weddings. Others rule one is to follow his usual pattern, and hence if he usually eats this meal with friends he is not allowed to refrain from doing so. The Davening: - The Chabad custom is to recite the Selichos within Tachanun, after Shemoneh Esrei of Shacharis. Also, if one's entire family will use it and benefit from it, then one may buy it until Rosh Chodesh Av and make a bracha of HaTov VeHaMetiev instead of Shehecheyanu. Work that diverts your mind from mourning or business transactions are prohibited until chatzot. Pregnant and nursing women are exempt from fasting. If there is a Pidyon Haben during the three weeks, according to Sephardim the father may shave or cut his hair, [49] while according to Ashkenazim they may not. Eating a New Fruit or Buying New Clothing.
Sh"t Mishna Halachot 6:107, Sh"t Yachave Daat 6:34, Torat HaMoadim 5:2, Sedei Chemed (Peat Sadeh, Ben HaMetsarim 1:10), - Chazon Ovadyah (Arba Taaniyot pg 156), Nitei Gavriel 15:6, Shearim Metzuyanim Bihalacha 122:1. Haircut: - One may not cut hair throughout the three weeks. Pregnant women and people who are weak: A pregnant woman for whom it is difficult to have discomfort in her sleep, is not required to abide by any of the above customs. The dress of the Chasan and Kallah: The Sages decreed that a Chasan and Kallah should not wear the accustomed head apparel that would be worn by weddings. Dancing and playing or listening to music is prohibited. Also see Rabbi Eli Mansour on. Chapter 9: After Tisha B'av. Some are accustomed to count the Middos with their fingers. The Magen Avraham 551:42 explains that the reason not to make Shehecheyanu is because the three weeks is a time of tragedy for Klal Yisrael and it's improper to have extra joy. However, the widespread custom is to be lenient in this matter and allow listening to music even not by a Mitzvah occasion. All children who are below the age of Bar or Bas Mitzvah, are not required to fast any of the four Rabbinical fasts, including Tisha B'av. Today the custom is for all people to be lenient in this matter.
If one forgot to say Aneinu or Nacheim he has nevertheless fulfilled his obligation. This especially applies during the nine days. Swallowing capsules or bitter medicine in liquid or tablet form is permitted. This is also the implication of the Nitai Gavriel (Ben Hametzarim 73 fnt. Accordingly, such a woman is to contact a Rav for a final ruling. It is forbidden for a child to learn even on his own if he is of age to receive joy from his learning. May one eat with other people? Fixing Old Clothing. A married woman may remove hair that protrudes from under her hair covering, and facial or bodily hair that may be unnattractive to her husband. Maariv: - Removing the Paroches: [Prior to Maariv] one is to remove the Paroches from the Aron.
The custom is like the former opinion. Rather, once clothing has been worn for a half hour [prior to the Nine Days] it can be worn during the Nine Days. When there are fewer than 10 men who are fasting in the minyan (some say when there are fewer than 6), they do not read Torah, say Aneinu, or do Birkat Kohanim. After eating the large meal [discussed in the previous Halacha] one is to [recite Birchas Hamazon] and Daven Mincha. Some stop bathing and showering for the week of Tisha BeAv and some start already from the nine days. The quality of one's learning is greater, as one is able to feel more connected to Hashem in one's learning.
Many people today are no longer accustomed to leave an unpainted square space in the home, although the custom of the Rebbe Rashab was to do so. Learning Torah after midday on Shabbos: One is to limit his Torah learning starting from midday of Erev Tisha B'av to only those subjects permitted on Tisha B'av itself. Not to build or renovate for pleasure. Yalkut Yosef Sova Semachot v. 2 p. 335. 102] Some say that if that is the only time a person has to take these trips with his family or it is for medical reasons it is permitted until the nine days. After that, one should say ViAtah Kadosh, Kaddish, and Aleinu. Sh"t Yechave Daat 1:37 and Torat HaMoadim 5:7 concurs to the opinion of Mishna Brurah. Shacharis: - Netilas Yadayim until knuckles: In the morning, one only washes his fingers up until his knuckles, having intention to remove the impurity which they contain. In the 40th year, everyone got up alive in their grave.
They are called 'Between the Straits'. Those that wear all of their jewelry, aside for transgressing this law, also cause jealousy amongst the gentiles. This applies whether with hot or cold water. Upon eating it one says: "This is the meal of Tisha B'av. Taking pleasure walks: - One may not take pleasure walks on Erev Tisha B'av.
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